p008-p009 ＜ ELEMENT English Communication Ⅰ｜啓林館デジタル教科書

In 1859, / a samurai was visiting Yokohama. //

It was a

special place. //

It was one of the few <span class='nw'>ports</span> in Japan / open to

foreign <span class='nw'>trade</span>. //

A lot of <span class='nw'>foreigners</span> came there. //

That samurai was good at speaking <span class='nw'>Dutch</span>. //

That was the

most popular foreign language / in Japan then. //

In Yokohama, /

he tried to talk with foreigners. //

But he had a lot of <span class='nw'>difficulty</span>. //

<span class='nw'>Nobody</span> understood him. //

He wrote, / “In Yokohama, / foreigners

did not understand me at all. / I also could not read signs. / Then

I <span class='nw'>realized</span> / that they were English words.” //

He <span class='nw'>discovered</span> something <span class='nw'>surprising</span>. //

Almost all <span class='nw'>Europeans</span>

there / spoke English. //

He thought he had to learn it, / and he

wanted to learn it. //

The samurai was Fukuzawa Yukichi. //

At first / he found English difficult. //

<span class='nw'>However</span>, / he was

<span class='nw'>eager</span> to learn it, / so he did two things. //

First, / he asked some

friends / to study English with him. //

He thought / he could

learn better with his friends. //

One samurai, / Harada Keisaku, /

got interested in learning. //

They started to study together. //

Second, / he tried to find “teachers.” //

When he heard / that

someone could speak English, / he went to meet them. //

learned how to <span class='nw'>pronounce</span> words / from them. //

He practiced

again and again. //

At last / he became good at English. //

One day, / he heard / that the ship <i>[Kanrin-maru]</i> / was going to

the US. //

It was the first official Japanese visit. //

He was able to get

on it. //

He was really excited. //

Fukuzawa came to the US. //

Everything was new and

<span class='nw'>fascinating</span>. //

One day, / he asked someone / about <span class='nw'>George</span>

<span class='nw'>Washington’s</span> <span class='nw'>descendants</span>. //

The man said, / “I don’t know. / But

I heard / that one of his descendants <span class='nw'>married</span> someone.” //

Fukuzawa was surprised. //

He thought / George Washington

was like Tokugawa Ieyasu. //

In Japan, / the shoguns’ <span class='nw'>position</span>

was <span class='nw'>hereditary</span>. //

Everybody knew about their descendants. //

On the other hand, / Americans chose their <span class='nw'>president</span>
by

themselves. //

After his <span class='nw'>term</span>
was up, / most people didn’t know

about his descendants. //

Fukuzawa already knew the word

“<span class='nw'>democracy</span>.” //

However, / he understood its real <span class='nw'>meaning</span> / through

this experience. //

Fukuzawa wrote, / “It is not good to learn / only from

words. / Language is a <span class='nw'>tool</span>. / It is like a <span class='nw'>hammer</span> / when you

build a house.” //

He also said, / “You can learn better through

experience.” //

When you need to know a language, / you can

learn a lot from books. //

However, / it is not enough. //

He believed /

you also need experiences. //

A lot of samurai studied English hard. //

They read English

books. //

They learned a lot from them, / but they learned the

real meaning of things / through their experiences. //

With this

<span class='nw'>knowledge</span>, / they led Japan into the next <span class='nw'>era</span>. //

After more than a hundred years, / we are still studying

English. //

How are you studying it? //

We can learn a lot / from

the samurai way of learning English. //

Q&A

1.	Because it was one of the few ports in Japan open to foreign trade.
2.	They spoke English.

Q&A

3.	Because he thought he could learn better with his friends.
4.	He got on the Kanrin-maru.

Q&A

5.	Because the man (he asked) did not know about George Washington’s descendants.
6.	Because the shoguns’ position was hereditary in Japan.

Q&A

7.	No, he didn’t.
8.	(They learned it) Through experiences.
9.	e.g. Yes, I do. Pronouncing English words is difficult for me.

Q&A

Q1.	Why did many foreign people start to come to Yokohama?
Q2.	What language did almost all the Europeans in Yokohama speak?

Q&A

Q3.	Why did Fukuzawa ask his friends to study English with him?
Q4.	What ship did Fukuzawa get on to go to the US?

Q&A

Q5.	Why was Fukuzawa surprised?
Q6.	Why did everyone in Japan know about the descendants of the first shogun?

Q&A

Q7.	Did Fukuzawa say, “Learning from reading books is enough”?
Q8.	How did samurai learn the real meaning of things?
Q9.	Do you think learning English is difficult? Why or why not?

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